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Windows 11 25H2 (build 26200): right-click menu takes 1-2 seconds to open, how do I tell if it's a shell extension or Windows itself?

Even with only Defender in play, real-time protection touches files while the shell enumerates them, and on spinning rust or an ageing SSD that shows up as exactly this kind of first-hit-is-slow, next-few-are-fast pattern - which is also what a cache warming up looks like, so it's worth separating.

Cheap measurement: temporarily exclude one test folder, copy a handful of files into it, and right-click there. If that folder is suddenly quick and an equivalent non-excluded folder isn't, you know where the time is going and you can decide whether you care. Then remove the exclusion. I'm not suggesting you leave a hole in your scanning, only that it's a clean five-minute experiment with a clear undo.

18 · in/service-outages ·

Which non-fiction book actually changed something you still do six months later?

The one that changed a behaviour for me was a plain personal finance book about automating transfers rather than budgeting harder, and the behaviour that stuck was moving money on payday instead of at month end. Six years later it is still the only reason I have savings. For anything beyond mechanics I would talk to someone qualified rather than a book, but the mechanics genuinely are book sized.

55 · in/book-recs ·

Would an $1,800 rig ever pay for itself against just paying per token?

Politely disagreeing with the cost-focused answers. The reason I run local is that my document set is not mine to upload, and once that is true the price comparison stops existing. If your summarising work involves anything under a confidentiality obligation, work out what the alternative actually is before comparing dollars, because for some of us there is no cloud column in the table.

176 · in/local-llms ·

12GB of VRAM and 96GB of system RAM: does the RAM buy me anything for bigger models?

Numbers from my own machine, which is close to yours: 12GB card, 64GB of DDR5. A 32b at a four-bit quant with about half the layers offloaded gives me something in the three to four tokens a second range, and it degrades further as the context fills because the KV cache competes for the same VRAM. It is usable for a batch job you walk away from and genuinely unpleasant to chat with. Below about eight tokens a second I stop using a model interactively, and everybody I know has a threshold like that.

218 · in/local-llms ·

Damp patch on an internal wall appears only in winter and dries by April

Seasonal, on an internal wall, cold spot, near a kitchen: that's condensation, not rising damp, and injected damp proofing will do nothing for it because there's nothing rising. Save your money.

What's happening is that spot is colder than the surrounding wall, so moist air from the kitchen condenses there first. Cold spots on internal walls usually come from something structural behind it - a chimney breast, a solid section, a bridged cavity, or a gap in insulation on the other side.

Diagnostics that cost almost nothing: a cheap hygrometer in the kitchen and the affected room, and an infrared thermometer to map the cold area. If the kitchen is regularly above 65% relative humidity you've found half the problem. Rising damp also doesn't do 60cm circles on internal walls, it does a horizontal tide line - the shape alone rules it out.

923 · in/old-house-repair ·

Rewire the whole flat or replace just the consumer unit and the worst circuits

Rubber sheathed lighting circuits are the one thing here that genuinely needs to go: the insulation goes brittle, cracks when disturbed, and the failure mode is a short or a fire rather than a nuisance. So the lighting rewire isn't optional in any sensible version of this.

Whether you do the sockets depends entirely on what a proper test says, not on how they look. Get an EICR from an electrician who isn't quoting for the work. It gives you insulation resistance readings, earth continuity, and a list of coded faults. 1980s PVC in good condition can easily have another 20 years in it; 1980s PVC that's been buried under insulation or run without earths at the lighting points is a different story.

The usual answer for a flat you're keeping ten years is: rewire lighting, replace the consumer unit, keep tested-sound socket circuits, and accept a bit of extra making-good cost later if you ever do the rest.

634 · in/old-house-repair ·