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My broker shows a distribution as return of capital and my cost basis dropped

Both, depending on why they are doing it. Mechanically it is simple: return of capital is not treated as income when you receive it, so it is not taxed now, and instead it reduces your cost basis so you pay a larger capital gain when you sell. It is a deferral, not free money. Whether it is a red flag depends entirely on the fund. Certain structures — property, pipelines, funds with heavy depreciation — generate genuinely non-taxable distributions as a normal part of their accounting. A fund paying out more than it earns and labelling the shortfall as return of capital is eating itself. Look at whether distributions exceed cash flow year after year. This is also exactly the sort of thing where an hour with an accountant is worth it, because the treatment varies a lot by country.

189 · in/dividend-investing ·